{"id":157,"date":"2014-12-30T01:30:44","date_gmt":"2014-12-30T07:30:44","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/67.227.157.91\/~kenpom\/wp_blog\/ted-valentine-hates-to-call-fouls\/"},"modified":"2016-05-07T19:27:37","modified_gmt":"2016-05-08T01:27:37","slug":"ted-valentine-hates-to-call-fouls","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kenpom.com\/blog\/ted-valentine-hates-to-call-fouls\/","title":{"rendered":"Ted Valentine hates to call fouls"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

\u201cOur conference is in the worst condition officiating I\u2019ve ever seen. When people come out and steal basketball games from our young people like that crew did, they deserve to be put in jail and not working basketball games\u201d – Lute Olson, March 6, 1982<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

There\u2019s nothing treated less objectively in college hoops than the analysis of officiating. Even the most measured individuals will claim that [conference your team is in]<\/em> has the worst officials in the country. And it\u2019s a well-known fact that [team you root for]<\/em> always gets screwed on the big calls. And then you get Lute Olson, who at one point in his career advocated imprisoning referees that missed a call.<\/p>\n

Nobody, in the media or otherwise, will claim that a particular conference has the best officials and certainly no team\u2019s fan base revels in always getting the calls. Nobody\u2019s ever going to say, \u201cthis was the best season for officiating that I can remember\u201d. It\u2019s not going to happen because while officiating may suck, people also suck at evaluating it. <\/p>\n

If we had officiating statistics, that would be different, if only slightly. If we knew that a certain official had the highest accuracy rate in the land, we could put a missed call in context.  However, that\u2019s not the world we live in, and nobody is going to take the time to monitor whether Verne Harris likes to call the arm bar in the post, so we are left with officiating in [name of conference]<\/em> sucks. <\/p>\n

But there is enough data available to do limited analysis of officiating. With thousands of games each season and three refs working each game, one can tease out some high-level trends on officials. We\u2019ll never be able to know which officials are the best. But we can get a sense of which ones tend to call more fouls than others.<\/p>\n

To that end, I gathered officiating assignments for games over the past three seasons. I wanted to control for a few things which might skew the raw numbers, like…<\/p>\n

– Which officials worked with each other.<\/p>\n

– The day of the season. More fouls are called earlier in the season and officials that may have missed a portion of the season due to injury or other reasons will be treated more fairly by accounting for this.<\/p>\n

– The final margin of the game. Close games tend to have more fouls called.<\/p>\n

– Number of overtimes. More fouls are going to be called in games with more minutes. <\/p>\n

– Fouling tendencies of the participating teams. Given the regional nature of officiating, some officials may call games in particularly foul-prone or foul-averse conferences. Both the season-long offensive and defensive foul\/minute rates are used for the two participating teams.<\/p>\n

– Because 2015 is a partial season, I\u2019ve had to add a variable to account for that. Season-long foul rates are inflated for 2015 compared to other seasons since we don\u2019t have the quieter part of the season in the data set yet.<\/p>\n

Even controlling for these things, there\u2019s still the possibility that an official just happens to work a bunch of games where there actually were many more (or fewer) fouls than the average game. Theoretically, this issue goes away with more data. Therefore, I established a minimum of 30 games for an official to be included in the study. That gives us a total of 350 officials, and many of these have worked over 100 games, with a handful pushing 200 over the period of study. The possibility of randomness greatly influencing the results exists with just 30 games, but it becomes much less of an issue at 100 games. <\/p>\n

Games involving officials who haven\u2019t worked 30 games are still used in the analysis. Those officials are labeled \u2018inexperienced\u2019 and are the reference points for the experienced refs.<\/p>\n

An item of note is that scorers are notoriously sloppy in recording officials names. I\u2019ve spent many hours correcting some of the typos I\u2019ve found but no doubt, there are many more. And that says nothing of the same guy being referred to by different names, or the really lazy scorekeeper who just puts down the last name of each official, or the issue of Jr. and Sr. designations being used and omitted willy-nilly. I can\u2019t swear that I got the officiating Covingtons correct in every case, and I can only assume that Bert Smith and Bret Smith have been confused at some point by the disinterested scorekeeper.<\/p>\n

(Which brings me to an interesting discovery worth sharing. The November 24th game between Jackson State and Loyola Chicago featured a crew made up entirely one family. Tom O\u2019Neill, Sr. officiated with his sons Rick and Thomas, which struck me as wild. On a related note, I\u2019m guessing one or two of Thomas\u2019s games have ended up being credited to Tom.
\nBut even with the shoddy record keeping, there\u2019s enough data here – over 12,000 games worth – that the conclusions are still robust.)<\/p>\n

Regarding the results of this study, there really shouldn\u2019t be any value judgments placed on the numbers. Whether a guy calls more or less fouls than average is just a thing. If you know who\u2019s on the crew for your team\u2019s next game, let this be a handy reference as to whether to whether the game might be called tight or not. If a game has 55 fouls, it\u2019s worth referencing whether the crew was populated with foul-happy officials before accusing them of hating the game of basketball. There are games where a lot of actual fouls happen, unfortunately.<\/p>\n

And if you happen to hit the jackpot and Ted Valentine and Roger Ayers are working together, you\u2019ll now know there\u2019s a high chance of getting an NBA JAM re-creation where a player could be knocked off his feet and there won\u2019t be a whistle. To that end, here are the 20 most extreme officials in terms of fouls called per 40 minutes, relative to average.<\/p>\n

Official      Games Rating   Official      Games Rating\nROGER AYERS    231  -3.61    LANDON BRANDES  32  +3.33\nTED VALENTINE  197  -3.44    LEE MARELLI     30  +2.87\nBILL JACOBSON   32  -3.02    HORACE SHIELDS  45  +2.74\nGREG LANGSDORF  36  -2.92    PAUL JANSSEN   102  +2.62\nQUEZ CRAWFORD   39  -2.91    JERRY HEATER   145  +2.32\nBRETT NANSEL   106  -2.87    GUY PAGANO     106  +2.22\nPAT BOEH        42  -2.76    ART JACKSON     38  +2.20\nJOHN HAMPTON   143  -2.72    ROD MRAKOVICH   42  +2.18\nKEVIN FERGUSON  82  -2.71    COURTNEY HOLMES 33  +2.02\nALAN SPAINHOUR  61  -2.50    RICK SHOULDERS  37  +1.95\n\n<\/pre>\n
Yes, it\u2019s true. Ayers and Valentine show more discretion than anyone else in the land. It’s all the more impressive considering their nearest competition has worked many fewer games and probably won’t be as extreme once they’ve worked a few dozen more games. <\/p>\n
Valentine might be the most famous official in the game so it may come as a surprise that he doesn\u2019t call many fouls. You may outright deny this, or feel like it doesn\u2019t apply to big moments in the game. Or maybe you were at a game where Valentine reffed and there were a bunch of fouls. That\u2019s the thing, though: I\u2019m not sure anyone really knows who has a tight or loose whistle.<\/p>\n
Indeed, the last time Valentine was in the news, he was ejecting a fan from a February 26 game between South Carolina and Auburn. That contest had a whopping 53 fouls. Then again, Valentine\u2019s officiating partners that night both graded out as having a quicker-than-average whistle. The bigger point is that every game is different and some games surely have a bunch of actual fouls where even the most restrained official is going to have to make some calls. Oddly, the ejected fan in this case was complaining about Valentine not calling more fouls<\/a>.  <\/p>\n
Speaking of the dynamic duo of Valentine and Ayers, they\u2019ve worked together six times in the past three seasons according to my database. Here were the results:<\/p>\n
  Date            Game             Fouls   Expected*\n11\/25\/12  Rhode Island at Auburn     31        48   (2OT)\n12\/17\/12  S.C. State at Missouri     18        31\n02\/07\/13  Missouri at Texas A&M      32        34\n12\/22\/13  USC at Dayton              37        44   (OT)\n02\/19\/14  Cincinnati at UCF          29        35\n02\/27\/14  Temple at Louisville       32        37\n<\/pre>\n
*Based on three average officials<\/p>\n
Obviously it\u2019s a small sample, but in six games a crew with Valentine and Ayers have called 50 fewer fouls than would otherwise be expected. Of course, each game has its own character and it would be unfair to suggest that the South Carolina State\/Missouri game truly had 13 uncalled fouls. But the long term record of these guys strongly suggests that they let some things go that most other officials don\u2019t. <\/p>\n
In most cases, an officiating crew won\u2019t deviate from the normal crew by more than a couple of fouls, which is not something you\u2019ll notice during a game. But if a crew is, in aggregate, five or six fouls different from average, that could be something worth knowing. <\/p>\n
The complete model output is below.<\/p>\n
                     Estimate   Std. Error   t value Pr(>|t|)\n(Intercept)            -18.90      0.92      -20.52   < 2e-16 ***\n\nROGER_AYERS             -3.61      0.40       -8.94   < 2e-16 ***\nTED_VALENTINE           -3.44      0.43       -7.98  1.55E-15 ***\nBILL_JACOBSON           -3.02      1.02       -2.96  0.003123 **\nGREG_LANGSDORF          -2.92      0.99       -2.95  0.003186 **\nQUEZ_CRAWFORD           -2.91      0.97       -2.99   0.00282 **\nBRETT_NANSEL            -2.87      0.59       -4.88  1.07E-06 ***\nPAT_BOEH                -2.76      0.92       -3.01  0.002595 **\nJOHN_HAMPTON            -2.72      0.50       -5.40  6.89E-08 ***\nKEVIN_FERGUSON          -2.71      0.66       -4.09  4.36E-05 ***\nALAN_SPAINHOUR          -2.50      0.77       -3.24  0.001196 **\nRUBEN_RAMOS             -2.46      0.75       -3.27  0.001098 **\nANTHONY_JORDAN          -2.46      0.51       -4.81  1.53E-06 ***\nMIKE_REED               -2.45      0.48       -5.12  3.08E-07 ***\nGARY_MAXWELL            -2.34      0.46       -5.06  4.23E-07 ***\nFORREST_SIGLER          -2.31      0.90       -2.57  0.010146 *\nGARRICK_SHANNON         -2.30      0.79       -2.91   0.00361 **\nTOMMY_SHORT             -2.27      1.01       -2.25  0.024592 *\nPAUL_FAIA               -2.22      0.50       -4.47  8.06E-06 ***\nERIC_ANDERSON           -2.21      1.04       -2.12  0.033717 *\nTOM_COURTNEY            -2.18      0.72       -3.05  0.002297 **\nMIKE_ALVARO             -2.14      0.99       -2.17  0.030417 *\nLAMAR_SIMPSON           -2.14      0.48       -4.46  8.17E-06 ***\nBRANDON_CRUZ            -2.10      0.70       -2.98  0.002867 **\nSTEVE_DIVINE            -2.09      0.94       -2.24  0.025149 *\nJON_CAMPBELL            -2.08      0.91       -2.28   0.02282 *\nGENE_STERATORE          -2.06      0.53       -3.88  0.000106 ***\nMITCHELL_ERVIN          -2.06      0.70       -2.92   0.00349 **\nJAMES_BARKER            -2.01      0.57       -3.50  0.000472 ***\nKEVIN_FEHR              -1.97      0.75       -2.65  0.008077 **\nJAMES_DURHAM            -1.96      0.75       -2.60  0.009235 **\nGEDIMINAS_PETRAITIS     -1.95      1.12       -1.73  0.083343 .\nTONY_DAWKINS            -1.92      0.85       -2.27  0.023385 *\nLAMONT_SIMPSON          -1.89      0.48       -3.95  7.72E-05 ***\nSTEVE_MCJUNKINS         -1.88      0.55       -3.44  0.000591 ***\nGREG_NIXON              -1.82      0.49       -3.74  0.000188 ***\nDICK_CARTMELL           -1.77      0.60       -2.93   0.00338 **\nKEITH_FOGLEMAN          -1.76      0.89       -1.98    0.0483 *\nSCOTT_BROWN             -1.75      0.73       -2.40   0.01657 *\nMARK_COOK               -1.75      0.87       -2.00  0.045712 *\nDARRYL_SMITH            -1.73      0.63       -2.75  0.006001 **\nBRIAN_OCONNELL          -1.73      0.43       -4.03  5.71E-05 ***\nNATHAN_QUICK            -1.72      0.80       -2.14  0.032469 *\nANTHONY_FRANKLIN        -1.63      0.68       -2.39  0.016988 *\nMARQUES_PETTIGREW       -1.61      0.72       -2.25   0.02427 *\nJASON_BAKER             -1.57      0.70       -2.24  0.025342 *\nDERON_WHITE             -1.55      0.57       -2.70  0.006937 **\nMIKE_SCYPHERS           -1.55      0.48       -3.20  0.001358 **\nJOHN_MOORE              -1.53      0.87       -1.77  0.077306 .\nGARY_PRAGER             -1.49      0.48       -3.11  0.001895 **\nCHARLES_RUSSELL         -1.49      0.91       -1.64  0.101767\nDOUG_SHOWS              -1.47      0.45       -3.29  0.001005 **\nJAMES_GIRON             -1.46      0.88       -1.66  0.097691 .\nBRIAN_SHEY              -1.45      0.69       -2.10  0.035381 *\nANTINIO_PETTY           -1.44      0.54       -2.65  0.008005 **\nKYLE_INGRAM             -1.44      0.72       -2.01  0.044634 *\nKEN_DITTY               -1.43      0.62       -2.30  0.021577 *\nJOE_DEROSA              -1.42      0.50       -2.82  0.004788 **\nLEVON_ZAKARIAN          -1.42      1.06       -1.35  0.178739\nTONY_CHIAZZA            -1.40      0.57       -2.48  0.013213 *\nGERALD_WILLIAMS         -1.40      0.63       -2.20  0.027534 *\nROSS_CULLINS            -1.40      1.09       -1.29  0.198177\nROB_KUENEMAN            -1.37      0.75       -1.82  0.069621 .\nED_CORBETT              -1.36      0.46       -2.97  0.003016 **\nTERRY_DAVIS             -1.31      0.65       -2.02  0.043237 *\nSTEVE_OLSON             -1.30      0.85       -1.52  0.127533\nBILL_VINOVICH           -1.29      0.82       -1.58  0.115142\nRICK_CRAWFORD           -1.29      0.52       -2.47  0.013534 *\nWILLIAM_HUMES           -1.29      0.69       -1.88  0.060735 .\nBRETT_MILES             -1.28      0.92       -1.39  0.164712\nANDREW_MAIRA            -1.28      0.67       -1.91  0.056746 .\nPAT_DRISCOLL            -1.25      0.48       -2.59  0.009701 **\nDAMON_WILLIAMS          -1.24      1.04       -1.19  0.233621\nTOM_EADES               -1.17      0.46       -2.57  0.010237 *\nJOSEPH_PALACZ           -1.16      0.88       -1.32  0.185776\nJIM_HANEY               -1.16      0.71       -1.65  0.100075\nMIKE_KITTS              -1.14      0.52       -2.21  0.027371 *\nMATT_POTTER             -1.08      0.55       -1.97  0.048908 *\nDARYL_GELINAS           -1.08      0.59       -1.84  0.066154 .\nSCOTT_JOHNSON           -1.05      0.82       -1.29  0.196484\nMIKE_LUCKIE             -1.05      0.94       -1.11  0.265646\nJOE_WILBERT             -1.04      1.00       -1.04  0.298958\nKEVIN_BRILL             -1.01      0.55       -1.84  0.066056 .\nALVIN_COX               -0.98      0.76       -1.28  0.199537\nJOHN_CAHILL             -0.97      0.69       -1.41  0.159222\nJEB_HARTNESS            -0.96      0.57       -1.68  0.092408 .\nSEAN_CASEY              -0.96      0.71       -1.36   0.17401\nRICK_HARTZELL           -0.96      0.47       -2.02  0.043228 *\nGENE_GRIMSHAW           -0.95      0.84       -1.14  0.254854\nAARON_SMITH             -0.93      1.20       -0.78  0.437485\nBYRON_JARRETT           -0.92      0.67       -1.38  0.168055\nLOUIE_ANDRAKAKOS        -0.92      0.63       -1.47  0.142787\nKIPP_KISSINGER          -0.92      0.47       -1.97  0.049351 *\nRANDY_HEIMERMAN         -0.91      0.53       -1.73  0.082915 .\nBRANDON_WILLIAMS        -0.88      0.89       -0.98  0.325148\nGARY_PUCINO             -0.87      0.62       -1.41  0.157937\nKURT_WALKER             -0.85      0.65       -1.31   0.19049\nGLENN_TUITT             -0.83      0.73       -1.13  0.258125\nPAUL_SZELC              -0.82      0.53       -1.57  0.116352\nJEFF_SMITH              -0.82      0.51       -1.60  0.109706\nCARL_LUCIANO            -0.82      1.05       -0.78  0.437886\nDELDRE_CARR             -0.81      0.64       -1.27  0.203087\nMIKE_IRVING             -0.80      0.51       -1.56  0.119689\nGERRY_POLLARD           -0.78      0.46       -1.69  0.090339 .\nJEFF_ALBRIGHT           -0.78      0.82       -0.95  0.341993\nGARY_DUDA               -0.76      0.95       -0.80  0.424119\nKENNETH_TURNER          -0.75      1.09       -0.69  0.490806\nDONNIE_OLSON            -0.75      1.09       -0.69  0.492691\nJIM_FERRARI             -0.73      1.10       -0.67  0.505761\nFREDDIE_WILLIAMS        -0.73      1.04       -0.70   0.48164\nCRAIG_MURLEY            -0.72      0.93       -0.78  0.435645\nRONNIE_HERNANDEZ        -0.72      0.91       -0.80  0.426486\nVLADIMIR_VOYARD_TADA    -0.72      0.69       -1.04   0.29779\nJEFF_SPEDOSKE           -0.70      0.90       -0.77  0.440213\nRON_TYBURSKI            -0.68      0.69       -0.98  0.325139\nRYAN_MCDANIEL           -0.67      0.82       -0.82  0.412921\nBRENT_MEAUX             -0.67      0.73       -0.91  0.361857\nLEE_CASSELL             -0.66      0.57       -1.16  0.244693\nSCOTT_YOUNG             -0.66      0.97       -0.68  0.493991\nTODD_AUSTIN             -0.65      0.71       -0.91   0.36129\nRYAN_HOLMES             -0.64      0.82       -0.78  0.434246\nMARC_ELLARD             -0.62      0.70       -0.89  0.374854\nBART_WEGENKE            -0.61      1.09       -0.56  0.573463\nKC_ELY                  -0.61      0.71       -0.86  0.390344\nSCOTT_THORNLEY          -0.61      0.77       -0.79  0.430456\nTED_HILLARY             -0.60      1.09       -0.55   0.57978\nBOB_TESTA               -0.60      0.76       -0.79  0.431502\nNATE_HARRIS             -0.60      0.93       -0.64  0.521101\nRAY_STYONS              -0.59      0.52       -1.15  0.249878\nTOMMY_NUNEZ             -0.59      0.57       -1.03  0.301495\nBILL_LAUBENSTEIN        -0.57      1.08       -0.53  0.596527\nDOUG_SIRMONS            -0.57      0.44       -1.29  0.195975\nROBERT_RILEY            -0.54      0.70       -0.78   0.43856\nDON_DAILY               -0.54      0.48       -1.13  0.260288\nDORAN_GOTSCHALL         -0.51      0.85       -0.60  0.545935\nTIM_COMER               -0.46      0.58       -0.80  0.423732\nBRAD_FERRIE             -0.44      0.67       -0.65  0.515951\nJOHN_HIGGINS            -0.42      0.41       -1.02  0.307629\nJEFF_CLARK              -0.42      0.51       -0.83  0.408222\nDOUG_APRAHAMIAN         -0.41      0.90       -0.46  0.644675\nDON_MCALLISTER          -0.39      0.84       -0.47  0.642132\nTIM_CLOUGHERTY          -0.38      0.50       -0.76  0.447575\nGLEN_MAYBERRY           -0.37      0.61       -0.61  0.542186\nPAUL_HUOVINEN           -0.37      0.98       -0.38  0.706977\nRAY_NATILI              -0.37      0.43       -0.85  0.394203\nRAY_PERONE              -0.37      0.49       -0.75  0.454021\nSEAN_HULL               -0.36      0.52       -0.70  0.481612\nED_CRENSHAW             -0.35      0.84       -0.42  0.671582\nBRUCE_BENEDICT          -0.35      0.75       -0.47  0.639068\nCHRIS_RASTATTER         -0.34      0.46       -0.74  0.457988\nFRANK_HARVEY            -0.33      0.60       -0.56  0.575863\nBRYAN_KERSEY            -0.31      0.42       -0.75  0.453118\nJAMES_OSTWALT           -0.27      1.06       -0.26  0.794698\nMIKE_MILLIONE           -0.26      1.07       -0.25  0.805437\nPETER_JUZENAS           -0.23      0.85       -0.27  0.786637\nKELLY_PFEIFER           -0.23      0.61       -0.38  0.706862\nJOHN_HEATLY             -0.21      0.71       -0.30   0.76453\nTIM_NESTOR              -0.21      0.53       -0.40   0.69185\nSCOTT_HARRIS            -0.20      0.97       -0.21   0.83336\nRUSTY_PHILLIPS          -0.20      0.99       -0.20  0.839085\nJB_CALDWELL             -0.19      0.79       -0.25  0.805776\nBYRON_EVANS             -0.16      0.80       -0.20  0.840526\nJIM_BRUNO               -0.16      0.60       -0.27  0.788376\nKELLY_SELF              -0.16      0.45       -0.35  0.725851\nEVON_BURROUGHS          -0.15      0.62       -0.25  0.806025\nSTEVE_RUPPENTHAL        -0.15      0.74       -0.20  0.840644\nCHRIS_BEAVER            -0.14      0.53       -0.26  0.796592\nRICK_ONEILL             -0.13      0.68       -0.19  0.849565\nMARTIN_COTA             -0.12      0.73       -0.17  0.866019\nJEFF_WOOTEN             -0.12      0.80       -0.15  0.885026\nMIKE_PILLA              -0.11      0.97       -0.11  0.909917\nJIM_BURR                -0.11      0.53       -0.20  0.843512\nFRANK_SCAGLIOTTA        -0.10      1.01       -0.10  0.918974\nBRET_WEGENKE            -0.09      1.02       -0.09   0.92576\nLARRY_SCIROTTO          -0.07      0.47       -0.15  0.877651\nMIKE_ROBERTS            -0.06      0.46       -0.14  0.892778\nBRET_SMITH              -0.06      0.58       -0.10   0.91862\nHAYWOOD_BOSTIC          -0.05      0.78       -0.07  0.945054\nBRENT_HAMPTON           -0.05      0.46       -0.11  0.909905\nDJ_CARSTENSEN           -0.04      0.52       -0.09  0.932603\nGLENN_MAYBORG           -0.04      0.56       -0.07  0.941715\nTERRY_OGLESBY           -0.04      0.45       -0.09  0.930488\nSTEVE_PYATT             -0.04      0.64       -0.06  0.950956\nROB_RORKE               -0.03      0.76       -0.03  0.973057\nJEROME_HALL             -0.02      0.77       -0.02  0.981287\nSAMUEL_CROFT            -0.00      0.96        0.00  0.999321\nBRAD_FOWLER             +0.02      0.90        0.02  0.985686\nBARRY_MATHIS            +0.02      0.81        0.03  0.979696\nTONY_PADILLA            +0.04      0.47        0.09   0.93054\nROB_RILEY               +0.04      0.70        0.06  0.951511\nBILL_EK                 +0.06      0.57        0.10  0.919496\nDAN_DORIAN              +0.06      0.88        0.07  0.941113\nTOM_ONEILL              +0.07      0.46        0.15  0.879798\nDOUG_HOPPER             +0.07      0.89        0.08  0.935399\nTIM_STEWART             +0.09      0.79        0.12  0.907849\nRANDY_MCCALL            +0.11      0.47        0.23  0.816725\nHAL_LUSK                +0.12      0.54        0.21  0.831195\nMARK_WHITEHEAD          +0.13      0.43        0.30  0.763329\nLIONEL_BUTLER           +0.14      0.67        0.21  0.837425\nBRUCE_HICKS             +0.14      0.97        0.15  0.884499\nNATHAN_FARRELL          +0.14      0.82        0.17  0.863238\nTIM_GATTIS              +0.15      0.50        0.30  0.762178\nZELTON_STEED            +0.15      0.56        0.27  0.787906\nBILLY_DUNLAP            +0.15      0.80        0.19  0.850234\nTOM_NALLY               +0.15      0.71        0.22  0.829965\nRICK_RANDALL            +0.15      0.52        0.30  0.768088\nRAY_ACOSTA              +0.16      0.69        0.23  0.820988\nJAMES_HICKS             +0.16      0.82        0.20  0.842417\nPATRICK_EVANS           +0.18      0.60        0.30  0.767747\nJEFF_NICHOLS            +0.18      0.68        0.27  0.790368\nTODD_VON_SOSSAN         +0.20      0.80        0.25  0.802945\nDAVE_DAVIS              +0.20      0.98        0.21  0.837234\nKENNETH_CLARK           +0.20      0.73        0.28  0.779875\nDENNIS_FLANNERY         +0.21      0.77        0.28  0.779669\nMIKE_EADES              +0.23      0.43        0.54  0.589131\nDENNIS_ALLOCCO          +0.24      0.72        0.33  0.739199\nARCHIBALD_WHALEY        +0.24      0.99        0.24  0.807118\nJIM_SCHIPPER            +0.25      0.66        0.37  0.710746\nTODD_WILLIAMS           +0.25      0.69        0.37  0.713949\nVERNE_HARRIS            +0.27      0.48        0.56  0.575929\nRICK_BATSELL            +0.27      0.59        0.46  0.648037\nJUSTIN_VAN_DUYNE        +0.29      0.77        0.37  0.708476\nROB_KRUGER              +0.30      0.90        0.33  0.740644\nJACYN_GOBLE             +0.30      0.79        0.38  0.702598\nDAN_NOWAKOWSKI          +0.30      0.88        0.34   0.73112\nTONY_HENDERSON          +0.31      0.56        0.56  0.576535\nMARC_BEASLEY            +0.32      1.10        0.29  0.773286\nJEREMY_MOSIER           +0.33      0.80        0.41  0.679177\nMIKE_GREENSTEIN         +0.34      0.51        0.66  0.510455\nTIM_KELLY               +0.34      0.49        0.70  0.487199\nRALPH_BRETZ             +0.36      1.01        0.36  0.722505\nTONY_GREENE             +0.36      0.48        0.77    0.4435\nTIM_EBERSOLE            +0.38      0.69        0.56   0.57592\nDUKE_EDSALL             +0.38      0.59        0.65  0.514722\nJAMES_GRADY             +0.39      1.06        0.36  0.715792\nBILL_MCCARTHY           +0.41      0.49        0.85  0.396884\nJOE_LINDSAY             +0.43      0.49        0.87  0.382649\nDONNIE_EPPLEY           +0.45      0.46        0.99  0.320838\nGLEN_TUITT              +0.45      0.97        0.47  0.639836\nFRANK_SPENCER           +0.46      0.59        0.77  0.440769\nGARY_TRACY              +0.47      0.74        0.63  0.528297\nKLAUS_ENDRISSAT         +0.47      0.85        0.56  0.575434\nJON_STIGLIANO           +0.48      0.64        0.75  0.451596\nGREG_RENNEGARBE         +0.48      0.79        0.61  0.544026\nBILL_COVINGTON          +0.52      0.68        0.78  0.438126\nLARRY_SPAULDING         +0.54      0.52        1.06  0.291515\nWILSON_HOLLAND          +0.57      0.78        0.73  0.464944\nBRENT_DUGAS             +0.59      0.75        0.78  0.433859\nERIC_CURRY              +0.59      0.47        1.27  0.204015\nLES_JONES               +0.60      0.48        1.24  0.214994\nJEFF_JANOSIK            +0.60      0.88        0.68  0.495097\nBO_BOROSKI              +0.61      0.48        1.26  0.206689\nMIKE_THIBODEAUX         +0.62      0.69        0.90   0.36958\nMARK_SCHNUR             +0.63      0.59        1.06   0.29046\nANDREW_MAROTTA          +0.63      0.70        0.89  0.371358\nDAVID_HALL              +0.64      0.43        1.50  0.132888\nMATT_OBLAS              +0.66      0.86        0.77  0.443215\nFRANK_RAPOSO            +0.67      0.85        0.79  0.432371\nMIKE_STEPHENS           +0.68      0.44        1.55  0.121841\nDAN_CHRISMAN            +0.68      0.85        0.80  0.423035\nROD_DIXON               +0.68      0.60        1.13  0.258771\nBOB_ADAMS               +0.69      0.71        0.97  0.332981\nRON_GROOVER             +0.74      0.50        1.48  0.138974\nBERT_SMITH              +0.76      0.46        1.66  0.097797 .\nMIKE_MCCLOSKEY          +0.78      0.81        0.96  0.335882\nJOHN_HUGHES             +0.78      0.61        1.28  0.199485\nWALLY_RUTECKI           +0.80      0.47        1.70  0.088504 .\nJEFF_CAMPBELL           +0.81      0.72        1.11  0.265593\nTERRY_MOORE             +0.85      0.78        1.09  0.274249\nSIDNEY_COHEN            +0.85      0.93        0.92  0.356724\nSHANNON_CAIN            +0.86      1.04        0.83   0.40788\nJAMIE_LUCKIE            +0.87      0.41        2.10  0.036035 *\nSEAN_CASADY             +0.88      0.63        1.39  0.163805\nMIKE_STUART             +0.89      0.43        2.06  0.039351 *\nTONY_CRISP              +0.90      0.70        1.29  0.198912\nANDREW_WALTON           +0.92      0.69        1.32  0.185587\nBRAD_GASTON             +0.92      0.71        1.29  0.195542\nJAMES_BREEDING          +0.93      0.54        1.74  0.081734 .\nCJ_WASHINGTON           +0.94      0.94        1.00  0.319413\nKARL_HESS               +0.95      0.40        2.34  0.019197 *\nJEFF_PLUNKETT           +0.97      1.09        0.89  0.371762\nWINSTON_STITH           +0.99      0.70        1.42  0.155697\nDARRON_GEORGE           +1.00      0.57        1.76  0.078499 .\nCASEY_MCCLELLAN         +1.01      0.87        1.16  0.246494\nEARL_WALTON             +1.01      0.44        2.30  0.021314 *\nCLYDE_OWENS             +1.08      1.04        1.05  0.296002\nCLARENCE_ARMSTRONG      +1.09      0.49        2.23  0.025482 *\nKEITH_KIMBLE            +1.10      0.48        2.31  0.021048 *\nED_HIGHTOWER            +1.10      0.75        1.46  0.144406\nROLAND_SIMMONS          +1.11      0.86        1.29  0.198442\nTOBY_MARTINEZ           +1.11      0.69        1.62  0.106048\nMATT_RUKASIN            +1.13      0.98        1.15    0.2491\nKEVIN_OCONNELL          +1.14      0.81        1.40  0.162948\nJUSTIN_PORTERFIELD      +1.17      0.81        1.44  0.151047\nALFRED_SMITH            +1.18      0.55        2.16  0.030957 *\nTERRY_WYMER             +1.18      0.46        2.56  0.010504 *\nKB_BURDETT              +1.21      0.86        1.41  0.158944\nJOHN_GAFFNEY            +1.22      0.44        2.75  0.005963 **\nPAT_ADAMS               +1.23      0.45        2.72  0.006565 **\nBRUCE_BELL              +1.24      0.95        1.31  0.190617\nBOB_STAFFEN             +1.25      0.58        2.16  0.030783 *\nMIKE_GIARRATANO         +1.26      0.97        1.30   0.19377\nDG_NELSON               +1.26      0.70        1.80  0.072236 .\nDWAYNE_GLADDEN          +1.27      0.49        2.62  0.008702 **\nAJ_DESAI                +1.29      0.86        1.50  0.134833\nJEFF_ANDERSON           +1.31      0.42        3.13  0.001754 **\nMIKE_SANZERE            +1.33      0.50        2.66  0.007859 **\nCHUCK_JONES             +1.34      0.57        2.33  0.019617 *\nWILLIAM_COVINGTON       +1.34      0.99        1.35  0.177293\nJEFF_KETCHU             +1.38      0.91        1.53  0.126928\nDAVID_WALKER            +1.39      0.99        1.40  0.162691\nKERRY_SITTON            +1.40      0.70        1.99  0.047153 *\nJOHN_GWYNN              +1.40      0.82        1.72  0.085494 .\nJIMMY_CASAS             +1.41      0.65        2.17  0.030134 *\nLESLIE_JONES            +1.41      0.91        1.54  0.122682\nFRANKIE_BORDEAUX        +1.44      0.76        1.90  0.057903 .\nJOSE_CARRION            +1.45      0.72        2.03  0.042677 *\nHENRY_HOWARD            +1.45      1.06        1.37   0.16932\nJOHNNY_WILKINS          +1.46      0.83        1.76  0.077929 .\nBERNARD_CLINTON         +1.46      0.58        2.51  0.012219 *\nDOUG_GRANT              +1.47      0.95        1.54  0.123484\nSHAWN_LEHIGH            +1.49      0.68        2.20  0.028203 *\nLEWIS_GARRISON          +1.55      0.86        1.79  0.072932 .\nSCOTT_SMITH             +1.57      1.07        1.47  0.140477\nMIKE_EGGERS             +1.59      0.62        2.55  0.010803 *\nDAN_ANDERSON            +1.60      0.74        2.16  0.030619 *\nMIKE_NANCE              +1.65      0.49        3.38  0.000725 ***\nJOHN_YORKOVICH          +1.66      0.86        1.94  0.052714 .\nMIKE_RAPP               +1.68      1.06        1.59  0.112853\nSTEVE_ANDERSON          +1.69      1.04        1.63  0.103844\nMATT_LEE                +1.70      1.06        1.61  0.107251\nJOHN_ST_CLAIR           +1.71      0.96        1.78  0.074664 .\nTOM_SPITZNAGEL          +1.71      0.97        1.76  0.078167 .\nKEVIN_MATHIS            +1.74      0.57        3.04  0.002353 **\nDUANE_ALLEN             +1.78      0.92        1.94  0.053031 .\nBRIAN_DORSEY            +1.79      0.42        4.28  1.92E-05 ***\nBRYAN_ANSLINGER         +1.85      0.72        2.58  0.009835 **\nJACKIE_SANDERS          +1.89      0.90        2.10  0.035924 *\nTIM_FITZGERALD          +1.90      1.08        1.76  0.077816 .\nJEFF_MALHAM             +1.93      0.72        2.66  0.007769 **\nBART_LENOX              +1.95      0.82        2.37  0.017707 *\nRICK_SHOULDERS          +1.95      0.98        1.98  0.047628 *\nCOURTNEY_HOLMES         +2.02      1.05        1.93   0.05346 .\nROD_MRAKOVICH           +2.18      0.92        2.35  0.018635 *\nART_JACKSON             +2.20      0.97        2.27  0.023218 *\nGUY_PAGANO              +2.22      0.59        3.77  0.000167 ***\nJERRY_HEATER            +2.32      0.50        4.65  3.39E-06 ***\nPAUL_JANSSEN            +2.62      0.59        4.42  1.00E-05 ***\nHORACE_SHIELDS          +2.74      0.90        3.04  0.002413 **\nLEE_MARELLI             +2.87      1.10        2.62  0.008918 **\nLANDON_BRANDES          +3.33      1.05        3.17  0.001534 **\n\nInexperienced              NA        NA          NA       NA\nOvertimes               -4.02      0.32      -12.69   < 2e-16 ***\nMargin                  -0.06      0.01      -10.19   < 2e-16 ***\nSeasonDay               -0.02      0.00      -14.93   < 2e-16 ***\nVFoulRate                1.07      0.03       35.19   < 2e-16 ***\nHFoulRate                0.99      0.03       31.76   < 2e-16 ***\nVOppFoulRate             0.72      0.03       21.47   < 2e-16 ***\nHOppFoulRate             0.70      0.03       20.41   < 2e-16 ***\nSeason2015              -1.36      0.17       -8.15  4.03E-16 ***\nOvertimes:Margin         0.27      0.06        4.72  2.34E-06 ***\nVFoulRate:HFoulRate     -0.02      0.00      -52.76   < 2e-16 ***\n<\/pre>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u201cOur conference is in the worst condition officiating I\u2019ve ever seen. When people come out and steal basketball games from our young people like that crew did, they deserve to be put in jail and not working basketball games\u201d – Lute Olson, March 6, 1982 There\u2019s nothing treated less objectively in college hoops than the […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[30],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kenpom.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/157"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kenpom.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kenpom.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kenpom.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kenpom.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=157"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/kenpom.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/157\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1032,"href":"https:\/\/kenpom.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/157\/revisions\/1032"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kenpom.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=157"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kenpom.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=157"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kenpom.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=157"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}